Description: The essay discusses the appropriate role of insurance companies, efficient and economical ways to care for chronic illnesses and having a maximum price society will pay to support the ongoing life of any one individual.

Description: Essay stating accessibility, affordability and efficiency are the key to success in the future of healthcare.

Description: Essay discussing cost, quality and access of healthcare and then describes the need for rationing.

Description: Because of increasing longevity in the world's population, a larger proportion of people will live long enough to develop chronic diseases. Because of their large numbers and extent of their individual expenses, the public sector will need to intervene to help these patients and their families. From Financing Chronic Care Monograph, M-HB05-1.

Description: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is an excellent model for assessing the setup of medical coverage in the U.S. health care system. It is a chronic disease that has genetic, behavioral and other medical causes, and causes many complications over the long term. From Financing Chronic Care Monograph, M-HB05-1.

Description: This paper explores deficiencies in our present health care system, and examines how they hinder the provision of optimal chronic illness care. From Financing Chronic Care Monograph, M-HB05-1.

Description: Accurate determination of the appropriate time to retire and replace a physical asset is important for large ensembles of such assets when taken as a whole, and concerns the fate of tens of trillions of dollars in assets, such as airplane engines, vehicles, or any other kind of physical asset susceptible to obsolescence. A decision model to accomplish this is derived using the concept of actuarial present value applied to an economic theory of cost minimization. Since this is a theory coupling investor wealth creation with the long-term optimization of the use of scarce resources, it can also be offered as an economic model relevant to sustainability.

Description: Government credit programs are intended to meet various social and economic objectives. By providing more favorable terms than are available from private lenders, credit programs assist borrowers, including some who could not obtain funds otherwise. From Study of Public Financial Guarantee Programs, M-FI96-2.

Description: Presented at Living to 100 Symposium, January 2011. This paper focuses on the issues confronting employers as they seek to manage their talent in a country with an aging population. It focuses on the goals of employers and employees and examines patterns of work as the population ages.

Description: Chapter 3 of the Price, Waterhouse study contains an extensive collection of descriptive tables. From Study of Public Financial Guarantee Programs, M-FI96-2.